English grammar explains how words, phrases, clauses, and sentences work together to express clear meaning. It includes parts of speech, verb forms, sentence structure, punctuation, and the rules that shape accurate communication.
Explore lessons on nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, phrases, clauses, sentences, verb tenses, and other essential grammar topics. Each section provides clear explanations, practical rules, and examples.
Subject-verb agreement means choosing a verb form that matches the subject in number and person. A singular subject generally takes a singular verb, while a plural subject takes a plural verb. Compare: The collection of rare photographs belongs to the…
Parallelism in grammar means using the same grammatical structure for two or more parts of a sentence that are similar in meaning or function. This helps make your writing clearer, smoother, and easier to follow. Writers use parallel structure to…
Seeing can at the beginning of a sentence may look unusual if you are used to statements such as You can help me or Maya can swim. In those sentences, the subject comes first. Questions work differently. When can is…
Hyperbole is a rhetorical device that uses extreme exaggeration to emphasize a point, add humor, or create a strong emotional impact. It is easiest to understand when you see how it works in sentences. A simple exaggeration can turn an…
A noun clause is a dependent clause that performs a function commonly associated with a noun or noun phrase. It can act as the subject of a sentence or complete the meaning of a verb, adjective, or other grammatical element.…
Prepositional phrases are common in everyday English. Expressions such as under the stairs, before the meeting, and with great care help explain where something is, when it happens, or how people and things are connected. The following list contains 50…
A prepositional phrase functions as an adverbial when it adds information about an action, event, or situation, such as when, where, how, or why something happens. The phrase remains prepositional in structure, but its role in the sentence is adverbial.…
A prepositional phrase is a group of words built around a preposition, usually followed by a noun phrase or pronoun called its complement. It shows relationships between words and ideas, such as location, time, direction, and association. Consider this sentence:…
A predicate is the part of a clause that says something about its subject. It contains a verb or verb phrase and may include other words that complete or add information to what the verb expresses. Consider: The old cinema…
In a short sentence, finding the subject and verb is usually straightforward. Longer sentences can be less obvious. They may contain several verbs, and one clause can sit inside another without a comma or connecting word to mark it. Understanding…
A sentence is a grammatical unit that typically contains at least one independent clause and can express a statement, question, command, or exclamation. In written English, sentences usually begin with a capital letter and end with a period (full stop),…
The is the definite article in English. We use it before a noun when we expect the listener or reader to recognize which person, thing, group, or amount we mean. Could you put the groceries in the kitchen? The speaker…